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      Chapter&nbsp;9.&nbsp;General Libraries
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      <h4>
        Beyond Linux<sup>�</sup> From Scratch <span class="phrase">(System
        V</span> Edition) - Version 9.1
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        Part&nbsp;III.&nbsp;General Libraries and Utilities
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      <h1 class="chapter">
        <a id="general-genlib" name="general-genlib"></a>General Libraries
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      <p>
        Libraries contain code which is often required by more than one
        program. This has the advantage that each program doesn't need to
        duplicate code (and risk introducing bugs), it just has to call
        functions from the libraries installed on the system. The most
        obvious example of a set of libraries is <span class=
        "application">Glibc</span> which is installed during the LFS book.
        This contains all of the <span class="application">C</span> library
        functions which programs use.
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      <p>
        There are two types of libraries: static and shared. Shared libraries
        (usually <code class="filename">libXXX.so</code>) are loaded into
        memory from the shared copy at runtime (hence the name). Static
        libraries (<code class="filename">libXXX.a</code> ) are actually
        linked into the program executable file itself, thus making the
        program file larger. Quite often, you will find both static and
        shared copies of the same library on your system.
      </p>
      <p>
        Generally, you only need to install libraries when you are installing
        software that needs the functionality they supply. In the BLFS book,
        each package is presented with a list of (known) dependencies. Thus,
        you can figure out which libraries you need to have before installing
        that program. If you are installing something without using BLFS
        instructions, usually the <code class="filename">README</code> or
        <code class="filename">INSTALL</code> file will contain details of
        the program's requirements.
      </p>
      <p>
        There are certain libraries which nearly <span class=
        "emphasis"><em>everyone</em></span> will need at some point. In this
        chapter these and some others are listed and it is explained why you
        may want to install them.
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